National flag 
Thursday, September 25, 2008
Wednesday, September 24, 2008
scenary
Tea gardens of IlamTea is nearly 5,000 years old and was discovered by a Chinese emperor Shen Nong when some tea leaves accidentally blew into a pot of boiling water and a brown liquid was infused. The Emperor was interested in the new liquid, drank some, and found it very refreshing. And so, according to legend, tea was created. In the 1610s tea became popular throughout Europe and the American colonies.
Today tea is the most prominent drink of world, and India is the world's largest producer, exporter and consumer of tea. Assam teas are strong, well rounded and malty with rich aroma, flavor and stimulating effect. Darjeeling tea is the best and most expensive in the world due to its delicate and superior flavor and unique aroma.
Tea is the most sought after beverage the world over. Indian tea more particularly has in it all that is best in tea. The varieties it produces have aroma, flavour, liquor, over and above the health benefits that tea provides. In fact no other beverage comes anywhere near Indian tea when it comes to overall quality and aroma, and health benefits of course.
Tea breaks down into three basic types: black, green and oolong. In the world, over 90 percent of the tea consumed is black tea. Black tea undergoes a fermentation process as part of production. Green teas are unfermented, whereas oolong is partially fermented.Bicco can provide high quality tea in bulk, Such teas could be of your own choice of grades or blends which will have all the attributes of highest quality and aroma.
Many things about tea have been said or written."Tea for two, and two for tea,Me for you, and you for me" Irving Ceaser, "Tea for Two" - 1925Wouldn't it be dreadfull to live in a country where they didn't have tea?" - -Noel Coward Come, let us have some tea and continue to talk about happy things.Chaim Potok: The ChosenThank God for tea! What would the world do without tea! How did it exist? I am glad I was not born before tea.Sidney Smith (1711
Tuesday, September 23, 2008
visit in kathmandu
setting of its surroundings. The gate was erected by King Ranjit Malla and is the entrance of the main courtyard of the kathmandu vally
Kathmandu Valley Tour
ItineraryDay 01: Arrive Kathmandu Overnight hotel Arrive at Tribhuwan International Airport, Kathmandu, you are welcomed by the hospitable meeting and then you will be transferred to your hotel. Our guide will explain briefly the program upon arrival at hotel.Day 02: Overnight hotelAM: Visit Kathmandu city and SwayambhunathKathmandu’s Durbar Square is one of three durbar (royal palace) squares in the Kathmandu Valley. It is the site of the Hanuman Dhoka Palace Complex, which was the royal Nepalese residence until the 19th century and where important ceremonies, such as the coronation of the Nepalese monarch, still take place today. The two-hectare (five-acre) palace complex is divided into two main chowks, or courtyards, and was initially constructed in the 16th century, although subsequent additions were made in the Shah (Gurkha) dynasty in the 18th century and by the Rana rulers in the 19th century. The palace is decorated with elaborately-carved wooden windows and panels and houses the King Tribhuwan Memorial Museum, dedicated to the monarch who opened up Nepal to the outside world, and the Mahendra Museum, dedicated to his son, King Mahendra. It is also possible to visit the State Rooms inside the palace. At the southern end of Durbar Square is one of the most curious attractions in Nepal, the Kumari Chowk. This gilded cage contains the Raj Kumari, a young girl chosen through an ancient and mystical selection process to become the human incarnation of the Hindu mother goddess, Durba. She is worshipped during religious festivals and makes public appearances at other times for a fee paid to her guards.Swayambhunath the golden spire of the 5th-century Swayambhu stupa is adorned with a colourful fluttering of prayer flags; it crowns a hill overlooking the Kathmandu Valley and offers fantastic views over the city of Kathmandu. Swayambhunath is one of the most recognisable symbols in Nepal and the painted eyes of Buddha watch all who ascend the worn stone steps. It is a World Heritage Site and one of the holiest Buddhist sites in Nepal, and is at the source of the Valley’s mythical beginning. Legend has it that the history of the Valley began with the draining of an ancient lake by an Enlightened Being to reveal the Valley and a lotus flower was transformed into the hill and the shining light became the stupa itself. Swarms of pilgrims and red-clad monks circle the complex, spinning the prayer wheels, while the scores of monkeys that give the temple its nickname, Monkey Temple, prance about in irreverent groups. Interestingly the temple complex is scattered with shrines and statues of Buddhist and Hindu deities and the assortment of pilgrims from both faiths characterises the country’s unique religious harmony.PM: Visit Patan City.Patan is 15 minutes drive from Kathmandu. Lalitpur, the city of beauty is separated from Kathmandu only by the Bagmati River and is the second largest town in the valley. Lalitpur is fragmented from other cities due to its substantive architectural ancient masterpieces. Patan's central Durbar Square is absolutely packed with temples: Its an architectural center point with a far greater concentration of temples per sq. meter than in Kathamandu or Bhaktapur.Krishna Mandir which is one of the grandeur of the square was built in 1637 by the king Siddhinarsingh Malla. The entire temple is constructed from the stone. Golden Temple which is the unique Buddhist Monastery was founded in the 12th century which is a large rectangular building has three roofs and a copper gilded facade with the images of Buddha and Avalokitesvara where there are Buddha images and illustrations on the walls. The square has been unrestrainedly adorned by the Bhimsen Temple, Manga Hiti, Vishwanath Temple, Jagannarayan Temple, Golden Temple and numerous. Take the pleasure of discovering this Patan Durbar Square which has been entitled in the World Heritage Site.Day 03: Overnight hotelAM: Visit Pashupatinath and BouddhanathNot only is Pashupatinath the most important Hindu temple in Nepal, its one of the most important Shiva temples on the subcontinent and draws numerous devotees from all over India each year. Pashupati is considered to have a special concern for the kingdom of Nepal. Pashupatinath, an ancient plinth, by the banks of the holy Bagmati River, stands the 16th century of Pashupatinath - Shiva, as Lord of all Creatures. The old buildings on the site were destroyed by Moslem invaders in the 14th century, its stone linga smashed to dust, but it rose again behind their retreating backs. Succeeding monarchs reinstated the temple and the images. The flowing Bagmati is a holy river and the ghats (crematorium) at its bank are the earnest Hindus truest cremation center.Bouddhanath is among the largest stupas in South Asia, and it has become the focal point of Tibetan Buddhism in Nepal. The white mound looms thirty-six meters overhead. The stupa is located on the ancient trade route to Tibet, and Tibetan merchants rested and offered prayers here for many centuries. When refugees entered Nepal from Tibet in the 1950s, many of them decided to live around Bouddhanath. They established many gompas, and the "Little Tibet" of Nepal was born. This "Little Tibet" is still the best place in the Valley to observe Tibetan lifestyle. Monks walk about in maroon robes. Tibetans walk with prayer wheels in their hands, and the rituals of prostration are presented to the Buddha as worshippers circumambulate the stupa on their hands and knees, bowing down to their lord.PM: Visit Bhaktapur City.Bhaktapur Durbar Square is a conglomeration of pagoda and shikhara style temples grouped around a fifty-five window palace of brick and wood. The square is one of the most charming architectural showpieces of the Valley as it highlights the ancient arts of Nepal. The golden effigies of kings perched on the top of stone monoliths, the guardian deities looking out from their sanctuaries, the wood carvings in every place-struts, lintels, uprights, tympanums, gateways and windows, all seem to form a well orchestrated symphony. The main items of interest in the Durbar Square are:The Golden Gate: The Golden Gate is said to be the most beautiful and richly moulded specimen of its kind in the entire world. The door is surmounted by a figure of the goddess Kali and Garuda (the mythical man bird) and attended by two heavenly nymphs. It is also embellished with mythical creatures of marvellous intricacy, In the words of Percy Brown, an eminent English art critic and historian, the Golden Gate is the most lovely piece of art in the whole Kingdom: It is placed like a jewel, flashing innumerable facets in the handsome Palace of Fifty five Windows.The Palace of Fifty five Windows: This magnificent palace was built during the reign of King Yakshya Malla in A.D. 1427 and was subsequently remodelled by King Bhupatindra Malla in the seventeenth century. Among the brick walls with their gracious setting and sculptural design, is a balcony with Fifty five Windows, considered to be a unique masterpiece of woodcarving.Day 04: Free Rani pokhari
Monday, September 22, 2008
tourktm
Featue of Mt. Everest
Selected journal articles available from the Periodical Centre for Schools to support the Queensland lower secondary to upper secondary curriculum.
Membership fees and photocopying charges apply. Schools become eligible to use this service by subscribing to the Periodical Centre.
A Requester Agreement Form (new window 60k ) must be completed prior to requesting articles online.
To request items:
click on the box to the left of the title
complete the Requesting Officer details and Copyright declaration*
click the submit button *Due to copyright only one article may be requested for each form.
Contact the Periodical Centre on (07) 3421 6539 for further details.
General
Discovery and exploration
Himalaya mountains
Nepal
Sherpas
General
Clarke, Charles 2003, 'Surviving Everest', The Geographical Magazine, vol. 75, no. 5, May, pp. 128-32.The author, a doctor who accompanied two expeditions to Everest led by Chris Bonnington in 1975 and 1982, describes some of the physiological problems mountaineers can encounter at high altitude and the ways in which their bodies react. [Abstract from Austguide]
Deegan, Paul 2003, 'A brief history of Everest', The Geographical Magazine, vol. 75, no. 5, May, pp. 19-22.A chronology providing a brief history of Mount Everest, from 1847 when it was surveyed as part of the Great Trigonometrical Survey of India, through historic expeditions - such as the successful British expedition of 1953 - and later ones. [Abstract from Austguide]
Klesius, Michael 2003, 'The body: adjust or die', The National Geographic Magazine, vol. 203, no. 5, May, pp. 30-3.A diagrammatic description of the physiological effects of high altitude which particularly looks at the strains mountain climbers put their bodies under. [Abstract from Austguide]
'Moving mountains', The Geographical Magazine, 2003, vol. 75, no. 5, May, pp. 68-9.Mount Everest's height was first determined in 1847 as part of the Great Trigonometrical Survey of India as being 29 002 feet. Despite significant advances in technology, and numerous surveys since, the accepted figure has changed very little from that given in 1847, and is now recognised as being 29 032 feet, or 8 849 metres. [Abstract from Austguide]
Venables, Stephen 1998, 'Balancing act', The Geographical Magazine, vol. 70, no. 7, July, pp. 6-11.The author, a very experienced mountaineer, deplores the 'dumbing down' of climbing which is represented by much of the commercialisation of the sport, with assistance being given to quite inexperienced climbers to reach the top of the Matterhorn or the summit of Everest. [Abstract from Austguide]
Washburn, Bradford 1988, 'Mount Everest - surveying the third pole', The National Geographic Magazine, vol. 174, no. 5, November, pp. 652-9.Space-age technology provides a brilliant new look at the central Himalaya in a double map supplement, the most accurate portrait of the Everest region ever produced. Project leader Bradford Washburn relates its history. Includes photographs. [Abstract from journal]
Wright, Karen 2000, 'Measuring Mount Everest', Discover, vol. 21, no. 5, May, pp. 36-7.In May 1999 GPS technology was used to measure accurately the elevation of Mount Everest. The article describes why earlier measurements of the height of Everest were considered either suspect or not accurate enough and then details the process whereby it was measured using GPS receivers. [Abstract from Austguide]
^ Top of page
Discovery and exploration
Adler, Jerry 1999, 'Ghost of Everest', The Bulletin, vol. 117, no. 6174, 18 May, pp. 102-4.The body of George Mallory, who, with his climbing partner Andrew Irvine, disappeared on the North Face of Mount Everest in June 1924, has been discovered by an American mountaineering team. Though there is no evidence that Mallory made it to the summit, the discovery has once again sparked speculation that he possibly could have conquered the mountain. [Abstract from Austguide]
Anker, Conrad 1999, 'Mystery on Everest', The National Geographic Magazine, vol. 196, no. 4, October, pp. 108-13.George Mallory and his climbing companion Andrew Irvine disappeared from the sides of Mount Everest in 1924. Since then mountaineers have speculated whether Mallory, a renowned climber, may have made it to the summit. Early 1999, Mallory's body was found and here the author describes details of how he and his team made this discovery. [Abstract from Austguide]
Douglas, Ed 1999, 'The man who wouldn't die', New Scientist, vol. 164, no. 2209, 23 October, pp. 48-51.In 1996 Beck Weathers, along with a number of other climbers, was caught in a blizzard on Mount Everest. Despite suffering acute hypothermia and being unconscious for twelve hours, as well as spending a night in the open, Weathers was eventually saved after staggering back into camp the following day. Just how his body survived this ordeal is a mystery. [Abstract from Austguide]
'Everest: 50 years and counting', The National Geographic Magazine, 2003, vol. 203, no. 5, May, pp. 2-29.Mount Everest, the tallest mountain on Earth, was successfully climbed for the first time in May 1953. To celebrate this achievement by Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay this article traces the history of Everest expeditions both before and after the successful British expedition of 1953. [Abstract from Austguide]
Fear, Sue 2003, 'Everest and I', Australian Geographic, no. 73, January-March, pp. 78-89.Sponsored by the 'Australian Geographic', the author made an ascent of Mount Everest, using the North Ridge route, to coincide with the 50th anniversary of the first successful conquest of the mountain by Hillary and Norgay. Here she describes her experience of the climb - the account also includes a table of Australians on Everest. [Abstract from Austguide]
Gillman, Peter 2003, 'Crowning glory', The Geographical Magazine, vol. 75, no. 5, May, pp. 24-30.A look at the long history of British involvement with Mount Everest which discusses aspects of British expeditions to the Everest region in the 1920s and 1930s and the successful 1953 expedition led by John Hunt. [Abstract from Austguide]
Hillary, Edmund 2003, '50 years: my story', The National Geographic Magazine, vol. 203, no. 5, May, pp. 38-41.The first man, along with Tenzing Norgay, to successfully climb Mount Everest here recollects his feelings on reaching the summit of the Earth's tallest mountain and discusses aspects of his subsequent mountaineering career and life, especially his work over many years in Nepal. [Abstract from Austguide]
Kluger, Jeffrey 1997, 'Mountain without mercy', Time Australia, no. 42, 20 October, pp. 60-5.This article tells the story of a team of IMAX filmmakers who scaled Mount Everest to film the ascent to the summit in the highest-quality movie film available. The equipment had to be adapted to suit the conditions, and they were there at the time when eight died as storms engulfed the peak in mountain climbing's worse disaster. [Abstract from Austguide]
Steele, Peter 1998, 'In the shadow of Everest', The Geographical Magazine, vol. 70, no. 5, May, pp. 72-6.Eric Shipton was one of this century's great mountain explorers. Born in 1907 Shipton learnt mountaineering in the Pyrenees and Swiss Alps, before leading many expeditions to the Himalayas during the 1930's. His 1951 Everest reconnaissance expedition laid the foundations for the successful 1953 expedition when Everest's summit was first reached. [Abstract from Austguide]
Stephens, Rebecca 2003, 'The quiet achiever', The Geographical Magazine, vol. 75, no. 5, May, pp. 71-6.A profile of Sir Edmund Hillary who, along with Tenzing Norgay, was the first man to reach the summit of Mount Everest. Much to his surprise this accomplishment made him internationally famous and something of a celebrity, yet he doesn't regard it as his most important achievement. [Abstract from Austguide]
Varley, Martin 1999, 'It's tough at the top', The Geographical Magazine, vol. 71, no. 9, September, pp. 32-5.This article relates some of the facts that an expedition this year was able to ascertain concerning the death of George Mallory, a pioneering mountaineer, who died trying to scale Mount Everest in 1924, and also describes what recent investigations have learnt about the mysterious demise of John Franklin's 1845 expedition in search of a Northwest Passage. [Abstract from Austguide]
Zaharias, Zac 2004, 'Top of the world: Australian Himalayan climbing 2001-2003', Wild, no. 92, autumn, pp. 40-7.At the start of the 21st century, Himalayan climbing is undergoing transition. More Australians are tackling the Himalayas than ever before, with thirty-three expeditions to major peaks, many through commercial operations. One-third of these have aimed for Mount Everest, with eleven expeditions producing six Australian summiteers, two of whom were guided. Includes photographs. [Abstract from author]
^ Top of page
Himalaya mountains
Fry, Carolyn 2003, 'Everest's rocks reveal their secrets', New Scientist, vol. 178, no. 2397, 31 May, pp. 14-15.English geologist Mike Searle has produced a complete and detailed geological map of Mount Everest and the greater Himalayan region, revealing the immense forces of the process that created the mountain range. [Abstract from Austguide]
Searle, Mike 2003, 'High and rising', The Geographical Magazine, vol. 75, no. 5, May, pp. 64-6.An outline of the geophysical mechanism and forces that created the 2 400 kilometre long Himalaya mountains, which includes Mount Everest, the world's highest mountain, incorporating a brief discussion of the composition and structure of Everest's geology. [Abstract from Austguide]
^ Top of page
Nepal
Allmam, T.D. 2000, 'Nepal: changed for good, for bad, forever', The National Geographic Magazine, vol. 198, no. 5, November, pp. 96-117.A profile of modern day Nepal, which looks beyond the country's image as an untouched tourist paradise and focuses on the numerous and complex challenges facing Nepal as technological and political developments radically transform what was, only fifty years ago, a largely medieval society. [Abstract from Austguide]
Douglas, Ed 2005, 'Inside Nepal's revolution', The National Geographic Magazine, vol. 208, no. 5, November, pp. 46-65.An account of current conditions in Nepal, where Maoist rebels who began operations against the government in 1996, control most of the rural areas and where both government forces and rebels tend to oppress the people generally in a country whose economy is suffering as tourist numbers fall away because of the country's unsettled state. [Abstract from Austguide]
Laird, Thomas 1998, 'Inside the last hidden kingdom', The Geographical Magazine, vol. 70, no. 4, April, pp. 52-6.The Nepalese government has only recently opened the tiny region of Mustang, which for years was sealed off by mountains. The author treks the region, and describes the scenery, people, wildlife, plus a little of its history and influences, particularly Tibetan Buddhism. [Abstract from Austguide]
McWilliam, Fiona 1996, 'Sensory overload', The Geographical Magazine, vol. 68, no. 4, April, pp. 34-5.A description of the Nepalese city of Kathmandu, a low-rise city which has expanded rapidly in the past ten years, and in which traditional building methods are being replaced by buildings of concrete with corrugated steel roofing. It is still a haven for backpackers. [Abstract from Austguide]
Salt, Jo 2001, 'The lowdown on Nepal', The Geographical Magazine, vol. 73, no. 9, September, pp. 46-50.Tourists generally turn to Nepal for mountain trekking but the country, with 6 000 kilometres of rushing rivers, provides some of the most challenging white water in the world. This is an account of the pleasures of rafting some of these waters and of the wildlife to be seen in some of Nepal's national parks. [Abstract from Austguide]
Valli, Eric; Summers, Diane 1993, 'Himalayan caravans', The National Geographic Magazine, vol. 184, no. 6, December, pp. 2-35.As they have for centuries, trading peoples of northwestern Nepal cross the high Himalaya in great caravans to barter for salt. Now tourism and development threaten their annual treks. [Abstract from journal]
^ Top of page
Sherpas
Carrier, Jim 1992, 'Gatekeepers of the Himalaya', The National Geographic Magazine, vol. 182, no. 6, December, pp. 70-89.For decades the Sherpas of Nepal have aided foreign climbers on expeditions in their mountain realm. Now, as a tribute to their people, an all-Sherpa team has scaled Everest for the first time. Includes photographs. [Abstract from journal]
Douglas, Ed 2003, 'Tibetan tiger', The Geographical Magazine, vol. 75, no. 5, May, pp. 80-4.A biographical sketch of the life of Tenzing Norgay which looks at how he overcame personal tragedy and humble beginnings to become the most famous sherpa in the world, after reaching the summit of Everest with Edmund Hillary in 1953. [Abstract from Austguide]
Douglas, Ed 2003, 'Upwardly mobile', The Geographical Magazine, vol. 75, no. 5, May, pp. 86-93.Through their association with trekking and climbing in the Himalayas, the Sherpas have earned a well-deserved reputation as the masters of high-altitude work and become the world's most famous mountain race. This article looks at their origins, some of the most famous Sherpa climbers and how they have generally benefited from working with trekkers. [Abstract from Austguide]
Ganguly, Meenakshi 2000, 'Ruling the top of the world', Time Australia, no. 23, 12 June, p. 47.A profile of Babu Chiri, a Nepalese Sherpa who recently set the record for the fastest ascent of Mount Everest, completing the climb in under seventeen hours. Chiri, like many Sherpas, is angered by the lack of recognition of Sherpa mountaineering feats in the West. [Abstract from Austguide]
Reid, T.R. 2003, 'The Sherpas', The National Geographic Magazine, vol. 203, no. 5, May, pp. 42-71.A detailed discussion of the Sherpas, the most famous of Nepal's thirty or so ethnic groups, which looks at the fame and wealth they have obtained from their association with the trekking and climbing industry since Everest was first climbed in 1953, and the costs this has wrought to some of their traditional customs and lifestyle. [Abstract from Austguide]
Selected journal articles available from the Periodical Centre for Schools to support the Queensland lower secondary to upper secondary curriculum.
Membership fees and photocopying charges apply. Schools become eligible to use this service by subscribing to the Periodical Centre.
A Requester Agreement Form (new window 60k ) must be completed prior to requesting articles online.
To request items:
click on the box to the left of the title
complete the Requesting Officer details and Copyright declaration*
click the submit button *Due to copyright only one article may be requested for each form.
Contact the Periodical Centre on (07) 3421 6539 for further details.
General
Discovery and exploration
Himalaya mountains
Nepal
Sherpas
General
Clarke, Charles 2003, 'Surviving Everest', The Geographical Magazine, vol. 75, no. 5, May, pp. 128-32.The author, a doctor who accompanied two expeditions to Everest led by Chris Bonnington in 1975 and 1982, describes some of the physiological problems mountaineers can encounter at high altitude and the ways in which their bodies react. [Abstract from Austguide]
Deegan, Paul 2003, 'A brief history of Everest', The Geographical Magazine, vol. 75, no. 5, May, pp. 19-22.A chronology providing a brief history of Mount Everest, from 1847 when it was surveyed as part of the Great Trigonometrical Survey of India, through historic expeditions - such as the successful British expedition of 1953 - and later ones. [Abstract from Austguide]
Klesius, Michael 2003, 'The body: adjust or die', The National Geographic Magazine, vol. 203, no. 5, May, pp. 30-3.A diagrammatic description of the physiological effects of high altitude which particularly looks at the strains mountain climbers put their bodies under. [Abstract from Austguide]
'Moving mountains', The Geographical Magazine, 2003, vol. 75, no. 5, May, pp. 68-9.Mount Everest's height was first determined in 1847 as part of the Great Trigonometrical Survey of India as being 29 002 feet. Despite significant advances in technology, and numerous surveys since, the accepted figure has changed very little from that given in 1847, and is now recognised as being 29 032 feet, or 8 849 metres. [Abstract from Austguide]
Venables, Stephen 1998, 'Balancing act', The Geographical Magazine, vol. 70, no. 7, July, pp. 6-11.The author, a very experienced mountaineer, deplores the 'dumbing down' of climbing which is represented by much of the commercialisation of the sport, with assistance being given to quite inexperienced climbers to reach the top of the Matterhorn or the summit of Everest. [Abstract from Austguide]
Washburn, Bradford 1988, 'Mount Everest - surveying the third pole', The National Geographic Magazine, vol. 174, no. 5, November, pp. 652-9.Space-age technology provides a brilliant new look at the central Himalaya in a double map supplement, the most accurate portrait of the Everest region ever produced. Project leader Bradford Washburn relates its history. Includes photographs. [Abstract from journal]
Wright, Karen 2000, 'Measuring Mount Everest', Discover, vol. 21, no. 5, May, pp. 36-7.In May 1999 GPS technology was used to measure accurately the elevation of Mount Everest. The article describes why earlier measurements of the height of Everest were considered either suspect or not accurate enough and then details the process whereby it was measured using GPS receivers. [Abstract from Austguide]
^ Top of page
Discovery and exploration
Adler, Jerry 1999, 'Ghost of Everest', The Bulletin, vol. 117, no. 6174, 18 May, pp. 102-4.The body of George Mallory, who, with his climbing partner Andrew Irvine, disappeared on the North Face of Mount Everest in June 1924, has been discovered by an American mountaineering team. Though there is no evidence that Mallory made it to the summit, the discovery has once again sparked speculation that he possibly could have conquered the mountain. [Abstract from Austguide]
Anker, Conrad 1999, 'Mystery on Everest', The National Geographic Magazine, vol. 196, no. 4, October, pp. 108-13.George Mallory and his climbing companion Andrew Irvine disappeared from the sides of Mount Everest in 1924. Since then mountaineers have speculated whether Mallory, a renowned climber, may have made it to the summit. Early 1999, Mallory's body was found and here the author describes details of how he and his team made this discovery. [Abstract from Austguide]
Douglas, Ed 1999, 'The man who wouldn't die', New Scientist, vol. 164, no. 2209, 23 October, pp. 48-51.In 1996 Beck Weathers, along with a number of other climbers, was caught in a blizzard on Mount Everest. Despite suffering acute hypothermia and being unconscious for twelve hours, as well as spending a night in the open, Weathers was eventually saved after staggering back into camp the following day. Just how his body survived this ordeal is a mystery. [Abstract from Austguide]
'Everest: 50 years and counting', The National Geographic Magazine, 2003, vol. 203, no. 5, May, pp. 2-29.Mount Everest, the tallest mountain on Earth, was successfully climbed for the first time in May 1953. To celebrate this achievement by Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay this article traces the history of Everest expeditions both before and after the successful British expedition of 1953. [Abstract from Austguide]
Fear, Sue 2003, 'Everest and I', Australian Geographic, no. 73, January-March, pp. 78-89.Sponsored by the 'Australian Geographic', the author made an ascent of Mount Everest, using the North Ridge route, to coincide with the 50th anniversary of the first successful conquest of the mountain by Hillary and Norgay. Here she describes her experience of the climb - the account also includes a table of Australians on Everest. [Abstract from Austguide]
Gillman, Peter 2003, 'Crowning glory', The Geographical Magazine, vol. 75, no. 5, May, pp. 24-30.A look at the long history of British involvement with Mount Everest which discusses aspects of British expeditions to the Everest region in the 1920s and 1930s and the successful 1953 expedition led by John Hunt. [Abstract from Austguide]
Hillary, Edmund 2003, '50 years: my story', The National Geographic Magazine, vol. 203, no. 5, May, pp. 38-41.The first man, along with Tenzing Norgay, to successfully climb Mount Everest here recollects his feelings on reaching the summit of the Earth's tallest mountain and discusses aspects of his subsequent mountaineering career and life, especially his work over many years in Nepal. [Abstract from Austguide]
Kluger, Jeffrey 1997, 'Mountain without mercy', Time Australia, no. 42, 20 October, pp. 60-5.This article tells the story of a team of IMAX filmmakers who scaled Mount Everest to film the ascent to the summit in the highest-quality movie film available. The equipment had to be adapted to suit the conditions, and they were there at the time when eight died as storms engulfed the peak in mountain climbing's worse disaster. [Abstract from Austguide]
Steele, Peter 1998, 'In the shadow of Everest', The Geographical Magazine, vol. 70, no. 5, May, pp. 72-6.Eric Shipton was one of this century's great mountain explorers. Born in 1907 Shipton learnt mountaineering in the Pyrenees and Swiss Alps, before leading many expeditions to the Himalayas during the 1930's. His 1951 Everest reconnaissance expedition laid the foundations for the successful 1953 expedition when Everest's summit was first reached. [Abstract from Austguide]
Stephens, Rebecca 2003, 'The quiet achiever', The Geographical Magazine, vol. 75, no. 5, May, pp. 71-6.A profile of Sir Edmund Hillary who, along with Tenzing Norgay, was the first man to reach the summit of Mount Everest. Much to his surprise this accomplishment made him internationally famous and something of a celebrity, yet he doesn't regard it as his most important achievement. [Abstract from Austguide]
Varley, Martin 1999, 'It's tough at the top', The Geographical Magazine, vol. 71, no. 9, September, pp. 32-5.This article relates some of the facts that an expedition this year was able to ascertain concerning the death of George Mallory, a pioneering mountaineer, who died trying to scale Mount Everest in 1924, and also describes what recent investigations have learnt about the mysterious demise of John Franklin's 1845 expedition in search of a Northwest Passage. [Abstract from Austguide]
Zaharias, Zac 2004, 'Top of the world: Australian Himalayan climbing 2001-2003', Wild, no. 92, autumn, pp. 40-7.At the start of the 21st century, Himalayan climbing is undergoing transition. More Australians are tackling the Himalayas than ever before, with thirty-three expeditions to major peaks, many through commercial operations. One-third of these have aimed for Mount Everest, with eleven expeditions producing six Australian summiteers, two of whom were guided. Includes photographs. [Abstract from author]
^ Top of page
Himalaya mountains
Fry, Carolyn 2003, 'Everest's rocks reveal their secrets', New Scientist, vol. 178, no. 2397, 31 May, pp. 14-15.English geologist Mike Searle has produced a complete and detailed geological map of Mount Everest and the greater Himalayan region, revealing the immense forces of the process that created the mountain range. [Abstract from Austguide]
Searle, Mike 2003, 'High and rising', The Geographical Magazine, vol. 75, no. 5, May, pp. 64-6.An outline of the geophysical mechanism and forces that created the 2 400 kilometre long Himalaya mountains, which includes Mount Everest, the world's highest mountain, incorporating a brief discussion of the composition and structure of Everest's geology. [Abstract from Austguide]
^ Top of page
Nepal
Allmam, T.D. 2000, 'Nepal: changed for good, for bad, forever', The National Geographic Magazine, vol. 198, no. 5, November, pp. 96-117.A profile of modern day Nepal, which looks beyond the country's image as an untouched tourist paradise and focuses on the numerous and complex challenges facing Nepal as technological and political developments radically transform what was, only fifty years ago, a largely medieval society. [Abstract from Austguide]
Douglas, Ed 2005, 'Inside Nepal's revolution', The National Geographic Magazine, vol. 208, no. 5, November, pp. 46-65.An account of current conditions in Nepal, where Maoist rebels who began operations against the government in 1996, control most of the rural areas and where both government forces and rebels tend to oppress the people generally in a country whose economy is suffering as tourist numbers fall away because of the country's unsettled state. [Abstract from Austguide]
Laird, Thomas 1998, 'Inside the last hidden kingdom', The Geographical Magazine, vol. 70, no. 4, April, pp. 52-6.The Nepalese government has only recently opened the tiny region of Mustang, which for years was sealed off by mountains. The author treks the region, and describes the scenery, people, wildlife, plus a little of its history and influences, particularly Tibetan Buddhism. [Abstract from Austguide]
McWilliam, Fiona 1996, 'Sensory overload', The Geographical Magazine, vol. 68, no. 4, April, pp. 34-5.A description of the Nepalese city of Kathmandu, a low-rise city which has expanded rapidly in the past ten years, and in which traditional building methods are being replaced by buildings of concrete with corrugated steel roofing. It is still a haven for backpackers. [Abstract from Austguide]
Salt, Jo 2001, 'The lowdown on Nepal', The Geographical Magazine, vol. 73, no. 9, September, pp. 46-50.Tourists generally turn to Nepal for mountain trekking but the country, with 6 000 kilometres of rushing rivers, provides some of the most challenging white water in the world. This is an account of the pleasures of rafting some of these waters and of the wildlife to be seen in some of Nepal's national parks. [Abstract from Austguide]
Valli, Eric; Summers, Diane 1993, 'Himalayan caravans', The National Geographic Magazine, vol. 184, no. 6, December, pp. 2-35.As they have for centuries, trading peoples of northwestern Nepal cross the high Himalaya in great caravans to barter for salt. Now tourism and development threaten their annual treks. [Abstract from journal]
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Sherpas
Carrier, Jim 1992, 'Gatekeepers of the Himalaya', The National Geographic Magazine, vol. 182, no. 6, December, pp. 70-89.For decades the Sherpas of Nepal have aided foreign climbers on expeditions in their mountain realm. Now, as a tribute to their people, an all-Sherpa team has scaled Everest for the first time. Includes photographs. [Abstract from journal]
Douglas, Ed 2003, 'Tibetan tiger', The Geographical Magazine, vol. 75, no. 5, May, pp. 80-4.A biographical sketch of the life of Tenzing Norgay which looks at how he overcame personal tragedy and humble beginnings to become the most famous sherpa in the world, after reaching the summit of Everest with Edmund Hillary in 1953. [Abstract from Austguide]
Douglas, Ed 2003, 'Upwardly mobile', The Geographical Magazine, vol. 75, no. 5, May, pp. 86-93.Through their association with trekking and climbing in the Himalayas, the Sherpas have earned a well-deserved reputation as the masters of high-altitude work and become the world's most famous mountain race. This article looks at their origins, some of the most famous Sherpa climbers and how they have generally benefited from working with trekkers. [Abstract from Austguide]
Ganguly, Meenakshi 2000, 'Ruling the top of the world', Time Australia, no. 23, 12 June, p. 47.A profile of Babu Chiri, a Nepalese Sherpa who recently set the record for the fastest ascent of Mount Everest, completing the climb in under seventeen hours. Chiri, like many Sherpas, is angered by the lack of recognition of Sherpa mountaineering feats in the West. [Abstract from Austguide]
Reid, T.R. 2003, 'The Sherpas', The National Geographic Magazine, vol. 203, no. 5, May, pp. 42-71.A detailed discussion of the Sherpas, the most famous of Nepal's thirty or so ethnic groups, which looks at the fame and wealth they have obtained from their association with the trekking and climbing industry since Everest was first climbed in 1953, and the costs this has wrought to some of their traditional customs and lifestyle. [Abstract from Austguide]
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